The eleven organ systems
Integumentary system
Primary functions:
Protective external barrier.
Representative organs:
Skin, hair, nails.
Skeletal system
Primary functions:
Protective support and framework.
Representative organs:
Organs, bones, and joints.
Muscular system
Primary functions:
Movement, produce body heat.
Representative organs:
Muscles.
Nervous system
Primary functions:
Sense, integrate and respond to stimuli.
Representative organs:
Brain, spinal cord, nerves.
Endocrine system
Primary function:
Secrete hormones (chemical messengers).
Representative organs:
Glands.
Cardiovascular system
Primary function:
Circulates gases, nutrients, and waste products.
Representative organs:
Heart, blood, and blood vessels.
Digestive system
Primary functions:
Nutrient breakdown, absorption.
Representative organs:
GI tract, liver.
Respiratory system
Primary functions:
Gas exchange.
Representative organs:
Respiratory tract.
Lymphatic & Immune system
Primary functions:
Lymphatic - Return tissue fluids back to the bloodstream.
Immune - Defense against pathogens.
Representative organs:
Lymph nodes, lymph vessels.
Urinary System
Primary functions:
Filter blood and eliminate waste (urine).
Representative organs:
Kidneys.
Reproductive system
Primary functions:
Creation of offspring.
Representative organs:
Testes, ovaries.
In biology, "structural organizations" refer to the hierarchical levels of complexity within a living organism.
Chemical (1)
This is the lowest/simplest level.
Atoms = The building blocks of all matter.
Molecules -- Macromolecules -- Organelles (cellular machinery).
Cellular (2)
The building blocks of life.
Histological (3)
Tissue level = Groups of cells with common function.
Organ (4)
Groups of tissue that perform specific function.
Organ Systems (5)
Groups of organs working together.
Organismal (6)
Highest/Most complex level.
All organ systems working together.
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